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- Object-oriented programming in Python
- Data Engineering @ Statnett
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- Simeon Simeonov
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- Goals
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- Present the Python programming language in a different way than https://docs.python.org
Avoid information overload
Use examples and interaction rather than documents and slides
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- Preliminary plan
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- Basics: About the language, the Python eco-system, types, modules, functions, scopes, decorators, string formatting
Object-oriented programming in Python: How Python "really works"
Control flow: if / for / while / try, iterators, "tactical programming" tips
A brief tour through Python's standard library
Code design and best practices: How to design your code
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- What is object-oriented programming?
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- Object-oriented programming does not mean using an object-oriented programming language.
- It is rather a programming paradigm based on the concept of object, as well as on some general principles and best practices aiming at:
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- General principles
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- The following four concepts / principles are presented in most object-oriented programming books:
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- separate and hide "private" details from the outside world and / or child (inheriting) functionality (encapsulation)
separate the interface from its implementation (abstraction)
inherit and extend / adapt existing functionality, through "is-a" relationship hierarchy (inheritance)
execute different code / functionality based on the object's place in the hierarchy (polymorphism)
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- Building blocks and definitions
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- Note: "Lacking universally accepted terminology to talk about classes, I will make occasional use of Smalltalk and C++ terms." - The Python tutorial (https://docs.python.org)
- When talking about object-oriented programming, the following building blocks are involved:
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- class - a blueprint / template for creating objects
object - an instance of a class that may contain its own attributes as well as references to its class' attributes
attribute - variable, property, function defined in the class and present in its instances
class variable - attribute of which a single copy exists, regardless of how many instances of the class exist
object / instance variable - attribute for which each instantiated object of the class has a separate copy, or instance
method - member function - function that is an attribute
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- The object-oriented world of Python
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- Some additional concepts and definitions are introduced in Python, as well as in some other programming languages:
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- metaclass - a class whose instances are classes
property - attribute that provides a flexible mechanism to read, write, or compute the value of a "private" attribute
type - old C object-oriented term, now (in Python 3) considered to be the same as class
- As is true for modules, classes partake of the dynamic nature of Python: they are created at runtime, and can be modified further after creation.
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- The object-oriented world of Python (cont...)
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- The <
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- metaclass - a class whose instances are classes
property - attribute that provides a flexible mechanism to read, write, or compute the value of a "private" attribute
type - old C object-oriented term, now (in Python 3) considered to be the same as class
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